Lean Principles And Process Management of Mcdonald’s †Free Samples

Question: Talk about theLean Principles And Process Management of Mcdonalds. Answer: Presentation Lean assembling is a significant idea that assists with improving nature of administrations and furthermore assists with decreasing expense of creation. Lean standards are additionally applied in processing plant setting and help to make crafted by individuals increasingly effective. The supervisors and the proprietors take the choices as per the activities and creation limit of the association. Every association chooses assembling or administration process configuration as per the necessities and a few conditions likewise influence the choices. The procedure structure an association chooses, decide proficiency and viability of creation (Lyons et al., 2013). Today numerous associations are applying lean standards in the assembling procedure structure through which associations are getting numerous advantages. Organizations are concentrating on creation or assembling process as well as giving spotlight on client assistance. The lean way of thinking can likewise be known as lean assemb ling, lean reasoning or Toyota creation framework. In mid-50s the idea of lean way of thinking was given by Japanese and numerous organizations are being comfortable with the idea. Prior just assembling organizations were applying lean standards for lean assembling or lean creation however now administration areas are likewise utilizing lean standards to improve administration level. Many help businesses have applied lean standards and furthermore got benefits. In administration industry, lean standards are primarily applied to build consumer loyalty level (Chase Apte, 2007). Numerous specialists have contributed in creating lean way of thinking. For better understanding the lean way of thinking, a few ideas are remembered for the report, for example, presentation of lean standards and appropriateness of lean standards in administration process plan. The organization that is taken for the exploration is McDonalds. McDonalds Company McDonalds is a popular American organization. The organization was established in 1940 by Maurice McDonald and Richard McDonald in San Bernardino, California. It is one of the biggest drive-thru eateries. The organization follows Speedy help framework process. First establishment of McDonalds opened in 1953 in Phonex, Arizona. Companys headquarter is in Oak Brook, Illinois in United States. Today McDonalds is the greatest eatery network and the organization is offering types of assistance to very nearly 68 million shoppers every day. As per the report produced in 2016, it was seen that in excess of 375,000 individuals are working in this organization. Right now there are 5669 organization possessed areas and diversified areas are around 21,559. Today there are around 36900 outlets that are working in 120 nations. Andrew J. McKenna is the administrator and Steve Easterbrook is the president and CEO. McDonalds acclaimed items are Hamburgers, French fries, chicken, sodas, milk shakes, e spresso, breakfast and treats. In 2016, the companys income was recorded as US$24.622 billion. The organization utilizes distinctive plans of action at better places. Ireland and United Kingdom plan of action is entirely unexpected from US plan of action. The organization is centering to give top notch nutritious food in minimal effort to clients. The organization is resolved to upgrade client experience by persistently improving the activities. The organization is mainstream because of its brilliant client care (Mcdonalds, 2017). Administration process plan The McDonalds organization utilizes administration process plan. The organization centers around the two merchandise and ventures. In McDonalds clients can cooperate up close and personal with specialist co-ops. McDonalds has a huge client base offering types of assistance to numerous clients in a day. Organization manages such a significant number of clients in a day and centers to fulfill them with the administrations. The innovation McDonalds is utilizing is giving upper hand to the organization as the organization can deal with such a significant number of clients one after another. Organization is utilizing present day microwaves, fryers and programmed drink producers to offer quick types of assistance to clients. The organization is continually attempting to give most recent innovation administrations to clients. Companys administration process plan should be adaptable to address the issues of buyers (Leavy, 2010) Writing Review In the current situation lean assembling is a huge instrument and numerous ventures are utilizing lean idea. The exploration papers identified with lean usage idea have been distributed in many presumed diaries. In the examination papers numerous scientists have offered their input on lean execution. Lean devices are appropriate in different parts like assembling, administration, exchanging and different divisions. Specialists Salem et al., 2016, completed examination on lean ideas, devices , methods and standards in different enterprises in Qatar and recognized lean advantages and difficulties. The specialists gathered significant data from various 333 associations identified with different parts like scholarly foundations, administration divisions and oil and gas segment by online overview. The outcomes assisted with understanding that in Qatar the ventures require to give more concentrate on lean idea so as to contend at worldwide level. The examination additionally assisted with realizing that in various ventures there are contrasts in level of mindfulness and acknowledgment of lean idea. Renowned specialists Chaple, Narkhede Akarte, 2014, researched the hindrances and empowering influences in relevance of lean idea. It very well may be effortlessly recognized by breaking down assembling or administration model of Indian enterprises. The specialists have examined that vehicle and electronic businesses are significantly applying lean ideas than different enterprises. The analysts likewise recognized that in any industry principally supervisors are answerable for execution of lean idea. Numerous chiefs give significant commitment in dynamic action. The achievement of the association for the most part relies on the capacities of supervisors. Two famous analysts Chikhalikar Sharma, 2015, researched on lean execution on motor assembling unit. The nation chose for the exploration is India. The exploration investigated that a few components like inappropriate data transmission, squander, ill-advised control on stock administration, transportation issue and deficient material stream make obstructions in lean execution. The issue can be understood by actualizing Six sigma, Kanban, JIT, Kaizen and TPM. Kumar, 2015 researched to make availability between lean assembling components and Indian assembling industry. They distinguished the advantages of lean assembling as the idea helps in cost cutting, quality improvement and in stock administration. The specialists, ?iarnien? VienaÃ¥ ¾indien?, 2014, uncovered the hindrances and difficulties the association faces while executing lean idea. Lean idea assists with making an incentive to the organization and furthermore to the end clients. In lean way of thinking organizations center to lessen squander and furthermore utilize squander the board strategies. Three boundaries association faces are process boundary, individuals hindrance and maintainability obstruction. The boundaries can be dealt with by utilizing compelling devices and strategies. Human inspiration can assist with expelling individuals hindrance. The top administration should give commitment in execution of lean idea in the association and the lean idea ought to be applied through defining suitable methodology. The associations should give center around an incentive to the client, persistent stream, squander disposal and pull driven framework. The exploration directed by Almeida Marodin Saurin, 2015, assisted with distinguishing a few dangers that can give negative effect on lean creation usage process. The analysts additionally indicated the arrangement of dangers and the interrelation between dangers. The analysts utilized different sources like meeting, record investigation and perception to gather information. The analysts distinguished that inward dangers influence the framework more than outside dangers. There are two significant stages in chance administration like hazard reaction and hazard checking or controlling. From the exploratory factor examination the scientists recognized 14 dangers. Top administrators, center level supervisors and lower level chiefs contribution is required in lean execution process. Shah Ward, 2007, characterized that lean usage is a joined social specialized framework and the fundamental point is to decrease squander by simultaneously lessening interior changeability. Concurring Gfu Teodorescu, 2014, Lean idea is universally adjusted standard that assists with doing get together of various parts. Effective lean usage helps in critical thinking. Legitimate representative association is required for usage of fitting techniques and practices. In the examination Chauhan Singh, 2012, portrayed about JIT, disposal of waste and client esteem. In lean assembling a few boundaries are significant, for example, JIT conveyances, multifunctional groups, vertical data framework, pull, zero imperfections, and end of waste. Numerous organizations are utilizing JIT approach for offering some benefit to clients. Lean standards Lean assembling hypothesis mostly centers around squander decrease. The association centers to accomplish more with less endeavors. Associations utilize a few assets in certain exercises that are really not required as the assets are not contributing in esteem. Lean standards can be applied on assembling, plan, conveyance exercises and in client assistance forms. The idea was established by Taiichi Ohno, a Toyota official during the remaking time of post-world war in Japan and Daniel T. Jones and James P. Womack are the people who advocated the idea and these writers additionally portrayed lean assembling in their book distributed in 1996. In lean way of thinking the organizations attempt to abbreviate time between client request and item conveyance. Long creation time expands cost of creation of products. In lean creation, organizations center to lessen process duration. Lean assembling gives accentuation on 3 focuses disposal of waste, strateg

A poem in which the poet creates a picture Essay Example for Free

A sonnet wherein the artist makes an image Essay Undertaking Choose a sonnet where the writer makes an image of a chivalrous or degenerate figure. Talk about the methods by which the character is obviously portrayed. A sonnet wherein the artist makes an image of a degenerate figure is Porphyria’s Lover by Robert Browning. The sonnet written in 1837 is as an emotional monolog which assists with indicating the genuine idea of the degenerate sociopath. All through the sonnet Browning utilizes a progression of proficiency gadgets to help pass on this thought. The type of the sonnet, emotional monolog, is huge as the peruser just ever encounters the speaker’s sentiments and memories of occasions. This powers the peruser to question the storyteller at different focuses all through the sonnet. This structure likewise leaves the peruser accepting that the circumstance is less direct than that being portrayed. It is obvious from the start of the sonnet that the speaker in the sonnet is pained. Through Browning’s utilization of lamentable false notion in the initial four lines of the sonnet he doesn't just outline the outrageous climate conditions yet additionally the speaker’s outlook: â€Å"It tore the elm-best down for spite† This viably features the speakers’s harshness due to Porphyria’s inability to show up for their organized gathering. Sautéing intentionally looks at the speaker’s enthusiastic condition to the climate as these are on the whole negative feelings. The words grim, demonstrate hatred for and vex are the principal early hints that the peruser sees about the speaker’s genuine nature; being that of viciousness and hostility. The way that the storyteller is so troubled at the possibility of not seeing Porphyria is the main slight sign towards his fixation on her. Additionally, the way that the speaker is sitting tight for Porphyria quickly recommends that she in is control of their relationship; something that would have been incredibly irregular and potentially somewhat stunning to the Victorian crowds that the sonnet was composed for. This thought is additionally proposed by the title of the sonnet. The title Porphyria’s Lover recommends that the speaker is disappointed; he needs to be something beyond her Lover and feel less castrated by her solid character. Sautéing additionally drops a trace of the speaker’s degenerate nature through the mood and rhyme plot in the sonnet. The mood of the sonnet is rhyming tetrameter which in this sonnet serves to make a customary example. The point in utilizing this cadence is to cause the speaker to appear to be sane, quiet and ordinary while successfully camouflaging his actual nature. Anyway the Rhyme in the sonnet follows the plan of ABABB. In contrast to the normal, naturalistic mood of the sonnet the rhyme plot is hilter kilter and adds power to the speaker’s words. This is potentially an indication to the speaker’s shaky nature and the frenzy inside his head. The speaker’s fixation on Porphyria is created when she in the long run enters the house. He portrays her as having â€Å"glided† in which shows she moved exquisitely and effortlessly. This word decision catches the speaker’s enthusiasm for Porphyria. The peruser gains from the sonnet that she is from a higher social class than the storyteller, which thusly makes the peruser suspect that their relationship is a prohibited undertaking. In any case, this is left equivocal and for the peruser to choose. â€Å"straight/She shut the virus out and the storm† The poet’s utilization of enjambment here underscores the intensity of Porphyria’s appearance and this likewise assists with continueing that she holds the prevailing job in their relationship. The writer utilizes moved designation to push the quickness of the adjustment in climate after Porphyria’s appearance. Her commonsense activities speak to the adjustment in the speaker’s attitude. This case of moved sobriquet viably speaks to the prompt impact that Porphyria’s entrance had on the speaker. Toward the start of the story his heart was cold and his psyche was blustery while following her passageway he feels content and quieted by her essence as she has allegorically closed the tempest insane. Another part of the sonnet which would have been fairly stunning to a Victorian crowd is the curiously sexual way where Porphyria next carries on. She takes off her open air attire, lets her hair hang lose, puts her arm around the storyteller, positions his head on her uncovered shoulder at that point continues to pronounce her affection for him. Anyway the narrator’s response to this overwhelms the peruser. A scramble is utilized to present an adjustment in tone as the speaker portrays Porphyria in a negative light: â€Å"Too frail, for all her heart’s endeavour† Here, Browning writes in a practically disdainful tone. The storyteller is opposing as he accepts that-in spite of the fact that Porphyria needs simply to be with him-she can't abandon different ties throughout her life which are keeping her from being with the speaker until the end of time. The narrator’s hatred towards these confusions out-with his control is depicted as disdain towards Porphyria and this unexpected change in state of mind offers the main slight sign that the storyteller isn't intellectually steady. Now in the sonnet the peruser doesn't realize whether to confide in all that the speaker is stating. We are stunned by the speaker’s absence of intrigue and absence of adoration towards Porphyria. In any case, the speaker at that point encounters the unexpected acknowledgment later in the sonnet that Porphyria venerated him. This is an extremely compelling enthusiastic word which goes past basic enthusiasm and recommends he accepts that he is the main thing Porphyria truly thinks about. It additionally shows that the speaker considers himself nearly god-like in her eyes. He is vain and narcissistic. Any rational individual would be content with the assertion of affection anyway not the speaker. The peruser being rational discovers his next activities significantly all the more stunning. He isn't normal, he is pained and his degenerate nature is starting to appear. The sonnet arrives at the stunning and upsetting defining moment when turns out to be evident that the speaker will choke Porphyria: â€Å"I found A thing to do†.

The Miss Firecracker Contest

The Miss Firecracker Contest The Miss Firecracker Contest, alongside other Beth Henley plays, is portrayed as a Southern Gothic. The play is set in the little southern town of Brookhaven, Mississippi, and recounts to a prototype story of a young lady attempting to rehash herself. The two fundamental characteristics that land The Miss Firecracker Contest soundly into the Southern Gothic sort are: the story concerns defective characters.it happens in a once prosperous, however now run-downtown. Plot Synopsis Carnelle Scott had a rough beginning throughout everyday life. Her mom kicked the bucket and her dad hauled her around the state with him until he dumped her with Carnelle’s old auntie and her two cousins. Carnelle adored her cousins, Elain and Delmount, and trusted them to be the most lovely and intriguing individuals with regards to the whole town. At age 17, Elain won the title of Miss Firecracker in the neighborhood excellence challenge and Carnelle always remembered seeing her dearest cousin riding on the Fourth of July glide delegated in greatness. Carnelle never accomplished the excellence and economic wellbeing of Elain and compensated for it by laying down with a large portion of the youngsters around procuring herself the questionable title of Miss Hot Tamale. Carnelle sees an opportunity to eradicate her past and start again by winning the magnificence challenge. Carnelle employs Popeye, an odd young lady from poor beginnings, to sew her outfit for the ability segment of the show. Popeye is a skilled needle worker who instructed herself to sew by making garments for bullfrogs since she had no dolls to sew for. Over the span of the play, Popeye becomes hopelessly enamored with the unpredictable and fatigued Delmount. In the long run, Delmount returns Popeye’s expressions of love and discovers her odd character something worth adoring. Delmount is resolved to sell each thing in his mother’s old house and afterward the house itself and move to New Orleans. He offers a large portion of the deal to Carnelle and beseeches her to stop the challenge and make another life outside of Brookhaven, Mississippi. Carnelle acknowledges a large portion of the cash however needs to proceed in The Miss Firecracker challenge so she would now be able to leave â€Å"in a burst of glory.† Elain appears and reports to Carnelle that she is leaving her better half and two kids. She has had enough of their consistent requirement for consideration and needs to leave everything. Carnelle is excited until Elain’s nearness eclipses her investment in the challenge. Carnelle’s outrage and dissatisfaction in the long run cause her to detonate and regurgitate at all her family members and companions, demanding that she needs what she needs notwithstanding the entirety of their unimportant protestations. Carnelle utilizes the second to indulgence their character defects back in their appearances and discharge herself from every one of their decisions. Inside this experience, Elain comprehends that she has lost Carnelle’s legend love and chooses to return to the spouse who worships her. Creation Details Setting: Brookhaven, MississippiTime: End of June and start of JulyCast Size: This play can oblige 6 actors.Male Characters: 2Female Characters: 4Characters that could be played by either guys or females: 0 Jobs Carnelle Scott is twenty-four and prepared to roll out a couple of improvements throughout her life. She needs to make a fresh start and be somebody who isn't â€Å"Miss Hot Tamale† and is rather regarded and lovely both all around. On the off chance that she might, she be able to would brave of town in a burst of greatness with the Miss Firecracker crown on her head and enough cash to begin again in another town as a wonderful and gifted winner.Popeye Jackson grew up as an odd young lady with no cash who makes outfits for bullfrogs. Presently she is an odd lady with no cash who makes outfits for whoever will enlist her. She falls head over heels in adoration with the flighty Delmount yet is certain he would stay away for the indefinite future her expressions of love. Popeye puts little an incentive on cash, ability, and excellence. She makes the world wonderful by her straightforward activities of generosity.Elain Rutledge appreciated an existence of magnificence, ability, an d worship. Her tyrannical mother, presently perished, predicted the finish of that way of life for Elain and drove her into marriage. Presently Elain is exhausted with her wedded life in which she is just venerated by just one man and needs to reply to two children she detests. Her will to be free and autonomous is ceaselessly at chances with her longing to be needed and appreciated. Delmount Williams experiences never had any difficulty discovering ladies who will lay down with him in spite of his odd appearance and temper. His ongoing spell in a psychological organization has just strengthened his unconventionalities and want to free himself of all memory and binds to Brookhaven, Mississippi. He highly esteems finding the magnificence in the individuals who view themselves as plain, however in all actuality he has never attempted to seek after anybody or anything that would be a test or a genuine beauty.Mac Sam is an ex-admirer of Carnelle’s. He contracted syphilis through Carnelle yet has never looked for treatment for the ailment. He has an attractive character regardless of his evil appearance. He Carnelle still offer a solid fascination, yet she is appalled that he won’t improve his wellbeing or station in life.Tessy Mahoney is the excellence challenge organizer. She and Delmount shared a sketchy night of lovemaking quite a while prior and h e has been avoiding her since. She isn't a delight and questions Carnelle’s risks in the challenge, however she is by all accounts a sweet and wonderful facilitator in spite of her assessments. She is captivated by Elain. Creation Notes Beth Henley makes a specific note toward the start of the play about Carnelle’s hair which the character has colored splendid red. Henley noticed that â€Å"It is unequivocally recommended that the on-screen character playing Carnelle color her hair splendid red as opposed to settling on a wig.† The set for The Miss Firecracker Contest is an old southern house loaded up with collectibles in Act One and the behind the stage of the excellence show for Act Two. The play has been created with progress both with full picturesque structures and negligible grand plans. Content Issues: Language, syphilis, discuss sexual ventures.

Writing a College Essay - Different College Essay Topics to Consider

Writing a College Essay - Different College Essay Topics to ConsiderIf you have decided to write a college essay, you will be given many different college essay topics to choose from. Each topic has its own benefits and drawbacks, depending on your specific situation. However, it is important to note that the best way to decide which college essay topics to use is to base the topics on your experiences and present your best reasoning in each of them.The first question that you need to ask yourself when choosing your college essay topics is where do you want your essay to take place? Are you going to be a freshman? Or, are you going to be a sophomore? You will also have to decide how many years you are going to be in college. Some people have college essays that range from three to seven years, while others may be able to do an essay with two or three years at most.After deciding on how long you are going to be in college, then you will have to determine what students would be most ap propriate for your essay. For example, if you are having an essay about freshmen students, then you may want to focus more on the negative aspects of the coming freshman class, especially if you are currently in one. This will make for a more humorous and intriguing essay. On the other hand, if you are having an essay about someone who is an older, mature student, then you may want to focus more on positive aspects of that student's life.After deciding on the main character of your essay, you can now narrow down the different college essay topics that you have to write about. It may seem like too much work, but it's actually not. Since this is all going to be a reflection of who you are as a person, you can determine what you need to think about that really reflects who you are. For example, you may want to focus on one or two particular personalities in the college community that you know of. If you do, you will be able to describe those characteristics in a unique way.So now that you have narrowed down your college essay topics, it's time to take a look at the pros and cons of each of the possible topics. You will find out that writing college essays will be a lot of fun. Unlike high school or a professional job, writing a college essay is not terribly stressful. Writing a college essay is the same process as writing any other essay, even a class assignment. You can even have it published, and if you really want, you can even sell it!When choosing your essay topics, you must think about what you want to say. Your essay will reflect your personality, so you must write about things that you have always considered important and write about topics that interest you. If you want a good conversational essay, you will want to focus on topics that you would talk about with friends and family. With a conversational essay, you can gain more respect and credibility among your peers.You have made a lot of decisions when it comes to your essay topics, and it's time to se e if any of them are still working. Writing a college essay can be quite fun, but it takes time. If you want to be the best that you can be, then it's important to spend some time to try and get the most out of your essay.

Habeas Corpus And The War On Terror - 1072 Words

To understand Habeas Corpus and how it has played its part in the war on terror, a look at what it is and how it started should be looked at. Habeas Corpus, (â€Å"you should have the body†), is an old legal procedure that protects against unlawful and indefinite imprisonment. It is issued by a judge and does not determine whether the individual is guilty or innocent, but whether they are illegally imprisoned. If the charges are considered valid, the individual will go to trial, if not, the person goes free. The beginning of habeas corpus has dated back the medieval times. It was first used in 1305, even though some sources say that it was first recorded before the Magna Carta in 1215. Reference was made about habeas corpus by the†¦show more content†¦2) Removal to another federal district court. 3) The denial of bail or parole. 4) A claim of double jeopardy. 5) The failure to provide for a speedy trial or hearing. 6) The legality of extradition to a foreign country. (https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/habeas_corpus) Habeas corpus is a part of the Constitution (Suspension Clause of the Constitution) in Article 1, Section 9, Clause 2. The clause states, â€Å"The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it†.(http://definitions.uslegal.com/s/suspension-clause/) The individual who is imprisoned has the right to get a petition to federal court for the writ of habeas corpus. Most of these petitions are filed as a pro se case, meaning they represent themselves rather than by a lawyer. Federal courts have the authority to grant habeas corpus to prisoners but only Congress can suspend the writ of habeas corpus through affirmative actions or a delegation to the Executive. Habeas corpus was suspended in history. The first time was done by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. He imprisoned Confederate sympathizers for no reason other than their Confederate sympathies. He arrested them bec ause he thought they were a threat and used the â€Å"â€Å"unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion† clause to do so. He began

Annotated Bibliography Of Children In Uganda - 1316 Words

Katriona Pratt Dr. Eleanor Latham WR 121: Essay 2 5 November 2017 Annotated Bibliography Dalen, Nina, et al. They Don t Care What Happens to Us. the Situation of Doubleorphans Heading Households in Rakai District, Uganda. BMC Public Health, vol. 9, no. 1, Jan. 2009, pp. 321-333. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-321. In addition to the fact that these children need adult guidance to become citizens who act in accordance with the expectations in their communities, material aid is important in order to reduce the children s experiences of being Different and constantly experiencing survival anxieties. At the national level, 45.3% of all children are vulnerable; the percentage of such children in Rakai District is 48.8. The†¦show more content†¦Markova, N. E. Social Orphanhood under the Conditions of Depopulation. Russian Education Society, vol. 53, no. 5, May 2011, pp. 85-92. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2753/RES1060-9393530507. Measures The Life Events Checklist was created by the National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to facilitate the diagnosis of PTSD. The list of experienced or witnessed events includes those that have been found to be predictive of the diagnoses of PTSD, anxiety, and depression and is one of the most frequently used instruments by researchers to assess potentially traumatic event exposure across countries and cultures. Although one event may be associated with multiple event categories, it is not possible to establish from the data how many events were included in multiple categories. Each of the six event categories was scored as 1 if an event was reported and zero if no event was reported. Table 3 describes rates of reported potentially traumatic events, including the percentages of children reported to have ever experienced the event, experienced the event more than one time, and experienced the event in the 12 months prior to the interview. The nonorphan sample experienc ed fewer event categories than the sample of orphaned and abandoned children, yet 87% reported at least one event; 13% experienced four or more types of events. Figure 1 suggests that the relationship between potentially traumatic events and PCL-S scores, butShow MoreRelated moral Essay3440 Words   |  14 Pageshis work at Harvard University and developed his stage model in 1969. Working through the 1950’s and 60’s using longitudinal and cross sectional studies he proposed 6 stages of development (see Appendix 1) identified through the responses of children presented with moral dilemmas. Piaget, his former tutor, proposed only 2 stages of moral development these being the Hetronomous and Autonomous stages. He was not so much interested in the judgments made but the reasons for the judgment, differing

Psychological issues in eyewitness identify - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Psychological issues in eyewitness identification. Answer: Both eye witness testimony and DNA evidence have both advantages and disadvantages. They are both prone to errors that can lead to wrongful conviction. Both DNA evidence and eye witness are never foolproof. DNA evidence is only one amongst many types of evidences jurors need to consider when determining a case. TV shows like CSI have promoted forensic science to a level that certain jurors have impracticable expectations of analysis of DNA. Thus, according DNA supreme weight than other evidences (Buckleton, Bright and Taylor 2016). Whereas maintaining the DNA databanks could assist police in identifying criminals, it further poses ethical dilemmas where samples are kept by authorities from individuals yet to be accused in any crime (Balding and Steele 2015). DNA quests, maneuvers whereby officers gather samples from a many individuals in different geographic areas to identify a perpetrator, have remained contentious. However, DNA profiling has a great advantage that hinges DNAs specificity. Moreover, comparatively minute DNAs quantities at a crime scene is able to yield adequate material that can be properly analyzed. Forensic scientists characteristically liken a minimum of thirteen DNA markers in 2 samples. The likelihood that any given 2 people might have similar profiles remains estimated to being under 1/10 billion. Thus, where specimens remain gathered appropriately and correct procedure is undertaken, DNA profiling proves tremendously accurate and reliable means of comparing the DNA of a suspect with the specimen gathered at crime scene. Thus, as a member of juror, before considering the reliability of DNA evidence, it will always be imperative for me to remember that DNA analysis, similar to any other forensic science technique, stays susceptible to human error. For example, contamination in the course of specimen gathering or analysis is able to dramatically reduce DNA reliability and accuracy. Generally, DNA evidence remains increasingly valuable in isolating suspects than in proving guilt. Conversely, eye witness testimony is only credible under certain circumstance and science urges jurors to cautious in relying on accounts of eyewitness because it remains indecisive, and mostly, surprisingly imprecise. One reason why eye witness is unreliable is that since people with some psychological disorders like antisocial personality disorder alongside substance dependence, remain at increased risk for criminal involvement, eyewitnesses have heightened likelihood for false identification of this group. Even though many jurors have placed heavy weight on eyewitness testimony when deciding whether one is guilty, most of these cases have been overturned by DNA evidence and subsequently exonerated (Sporer, Malpass and Khnken 2014). Thus, as a member of a juror, I will never uncritically accept eyewitness reports since they are prone to many factors that bias these reports. Thus, unlike other jurors who incline towards putting supreme weight to eyewitnesses testimony reporting that they remained very certain regarding respective identifications, I will lean towards studies that have shown that extremely confident eyewitness remain solely usually somewhat more accurate- and occasionally no more so- as opposed to less confident ones. In my view, therefore, DNA evidence is more reliable than eyewitness testimony because of the many instance in which convicts have been exonerated using DNA due to wrongful conviction due to false identification of the eyewitness. Sources of error DNA evidence source of error may originate from cross-contamination of sample. The crime scene evidence is cleaned up which sometime destroy the evidence during testing. Retesting must therefore be done in order to obtain accurate result from the study sample. Another potential error that may occur is misinterpretation of sample results. The laboratory is prone of assigning or mistyping evidentiary samples. If the sample is mistakenly assigned then this will led to false incrimination (Gill 2014). The third cause of error in DNA matches is in case there is mislabelling of samples. The correct way of finding the actual error is when the retest of the sample from original source is performed. However, this procedure is always unavailable hence rarely used. One source of error in eye witness is wrongful identification. This results from reconstruction of memory whereby questioning by a lawyer can change the testimony of the witness as fragments of memory could mistakenly be combined with info provided by lawyer culminating in inaccurate recall. Also, the eyewitness could be wrongly selected by police and hence give wrong eyewitness testimony. Yes, I think these questions would change if I were not studying science. It is the background I have in forensic science, especially DNA evidence and analysis that I have got to learn the false that are attached to eyewitness identification (Buckleton, Bright and Taylor 2016). Before, I studied science, I trusted eyewitness, but I have come to realize that science tells jurors never to rely on fickle and always inaccurate eyewitness. This is because science has disapproved my initial misconception that memory works like a video recorder. However, I have come to understand that memory are reconstructed instead of played back every time eyewitness recall them. This leaves eyewitness reports at a disadvantage than DNA because even cross-examination by the lawyer can change the testimony of the witness as fragments of memory could unknowingly be merged with info provided by examiner leading to recall inaccuracy (Roberts 2014). References Balding, D.J. and Steele, C.D., 2015.Weight-of-evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles. John Wiley Sons. Buckleton, J.S., Bright, J.A. and Taylor, D. eds., 2016.Forensic DNA evidence interpretation. CRC press. Gill, P., 2014.Misleading DNA evidence: reasons for miscarriages of justice. Elsevier. Roberts, N., 2014. The Reliability of Eyewitness Testimony. Sporer, S.L., Malpass, R.S. and Khnken, G. eds., 2014.Psychological issues in eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. Toglia, M.P., Read, J.D., Ross, D.F. and Lindsay, R.C. eds., 2017.The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Volume I: Memory for events. Psychology Press.

The Sentences Book of James Essays - Sexual Fidelity, Adultery

The Sentences Book of James What I believe the writers are saying, when stating Love they neighbor is having respect for other people and having regard for his or her needs and desires as I have the same esteem for my personal wants and desires. James believes favoritism, not Gods characteristic, as we know the law of God is perfect, excellent and royal. What makes the law royal is because God is the author. We do not have to break all of the laws of God; if we break only law we have violated and disrespected God. As a Christian it is our duty and most importantly to keep Gods law. The laws of God are to be obeyed and followed. Obedience is vital to our Christian walk with Christ and our faith in God gives the ability to do what God says. When one commits adultery God holds that person accountable. If the adulterer breaks his or her promise they have become deceivers, liars and have lied to God. However, and adulterer can be forgiven of that sin, now as for the adulterers and homosexuals at the Church of Corinth (1 Corinthians 6:9-11). Therefore, these are considered serious consequence of human sin, and abominable crime of committing adultery. Jesus is our intercessor, in the New Testament Jesus says, Go and sin no more. These words of inspiration give the sinner a second chance and new beginning.

Introducing Examples

Introducing Examples Introducing Examples Introducing Examples By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked me about my use of the abbreviation Ex. Does [Ex.] mean for example? Ive only known one abbreviation and thats eg. If that is the case can you please explain where eg came from? Sometimes I use Ex. to mean â€Å"for example† or â€Å"an example.† Sometimes I spell out â€Å"for example.† And when I’m feeling academic, I use e.g. to introduce a list of examples. E.g. is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase exempli gratia, â€Å"for the sake of example.† In US usage, a comma always follows the abbreviation, but in British usage, a comma after e.g. is optional. In this article, e.g. is written in italics because I’m writing about it. In normal use, the abbreviation is written in roman type: e.g. In the old days, before handy Latin shortcuts were perceived as â€Å"elitist and discriminatory, â€Å"writers threw in e.g. without restriction. Nowadays, style guides impose limitations. The Chicago Manual of Style advises that if e.g. is used in â€Å"running text,† it should be â€Å"confined to parentheses or notes.† Writing in 1926, Fowler (Modern English Usage) didn’t put any restrictions on the use of e.g., but in 1965, his editor, Ernest Gowers, added this advice: [The abbreviation e.g.] should be reserved for footnotes or very concise writing; in open prose it is better to write â€Å"for example.† The most unkindest cut of all regarding the use of e.g. and its ilk came to my attention in 2008 when I read an article in the London Telegraph about a movement in Britain to purge English of such long-established Latin shortcuts: Local authorities have ordered employees to stop using [Latin terms] on documents and when communicating with members of the public and to rely on wordier alternatives instead. The terms to be dropped in official documents included bona fide, ad lib, etc., ad hoc, i.e., per se, quid pro quo, vice versa, via, and status quo. Among the replacement recommendations were â€Å"existing condition† or â€Å"state of things† for status quo, and â€Å"for this special purpose† in place of ad hoc. Here’s the rationale offered by Bournemouth Council: Not everyone knows Latin. Many readers do not have English as their first language so using Latin can be particularly difficult. ESL learners shouldn’t have more difficulty than Latinless native speakers when it comes to learning the traditional Latin shortcuts. All they have to do is look them up in an English dictionary. However, we live in an age that bows before ignorance. Governing authorities and schools seem to feel that eliminating â€Å"hard words† is more desirable than taking the trouble to teach them. As for my use of the abbreviations e.g. and Ex., the only time I choose e.g. is in running text to introduce a short list of things or people to illustrate a concept: I especially love the nineteenth-century novelists, e.g., Herman Melville, Mrs. Gaskill, and George Eliot. And I don’t always put the e.g. bit in parentheses. Related post: The Difference Between e.g. and i.e.? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals11 Writing Exercises to Inspire You and Strengthen Your WritingWriting a Thank You Note

Domestic Violence on the Rise Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Domestic Violence on the Rise - Research Paper Example Although there are various means of dealing with violent crimes, one of the most effective means of deterring domestic violence is through strong punishment of offenders. Domestic violence, especially gender based violence is a concept that now has drawn much attention in the international humanitarian work. In the wake of the Yugoslavian rape camps, the sexualized genocide of Rwanda as well as the contemporary terrors on sexual violence, the international human rights community has increasingly turned its attention to combating gender based violence, both at home and during war (Burrill 280). Domestic violence against women is one of the critical public health problems that have both devastating physical and emotional effects to women, children and families m in the US. â€Å"Approximately four million American women experience a serious assault by an intimate partner during a 12-month period", Find counseling (2010, par 4). "It is estimated that 2 million to 4 million US women are assaulted by a domestic partner every year. Twelve million women (25% of the female population) will be abused in their lifetime. Up to 35% of women and 22% of men presenting to the emergency department have experienced domestic violence", (Find counseling, 2010, par 5). The rising cases of domestic violence affect children more than any other members of the society. â€Å"It has become apparent that in the cases where domestic violence was identified, the perpetrator of the domestic violence and the abuser of the children were likely to be the same individual, usually the child’s natural father†, (Humphreys and Nicky 101-102). Effects of the violence can be seen on the child’s performance decline in school as domestic violence interferes with homework time, sleep time as well as sleep quality and classroom concentration. Regardless of intelligence, domestic

Proposal - Reclassifying Department of Child Services Investigators as Term Paper

Proposal - Reclassifying Department of Child Services Investigators as First Responders - Term Paper Example es where family preservation is not in the immediate best interest of the children and quick intervention must be taken to insure the safety and welfare of the children("Indiana department of," 2014).   In Indiana, the Department of Child Services has a separate office in each of Indiana’s 92 counties. Each Department of Child Services office in every county works with that county’s court system and law enforcement personnel.   For the Investigators, those that respond to the initial report of abuse and neglect, they are often called upon to act quickly and make important decisions on a moments notice; therefore, it is crucial that Department of Child Services Investigators complete the necessary training to be considered qualified first responders ("Child protective services," 2014). The head of the program would be the state director. The state director shall oversee the overall progress of the whole program, make informed decisions on matters raising concern and evaluate the effectiveness and importance of the program. He/she is the core personnel in this program. Immediately below the state director is the regional director. They are several in number and are spread over different regions of the country. They are responsible for the regions assigned to them and report any matters to the state director. County directors fall third in the organization’s hierarchy. Each one of them is assigned several counties to overlook and report to the relevant regional director. They mainly supervise the trained first responders of the department. The first responders comes fourth in the organization hierarchy. They could be a minimum of about ten in number when the program attains its maximum capacity over the years as time progresses. The first responders are the ones responsible for ground work of the program. They are to receive thorough training on how to be a first responder and execute the knowledge in the field in times of disaster. They form the most crucial

How it has reshaped the World Essay Example for Free

How it has reshaped the World Essay The history of science is marked by discoveries or inventions, great or small, which have, as a characteristic feature, refined humanity’s existing understanding of the world. Though many of these discoveries were accessible, and appealing, to those that had the knowledge and expertise to comprehend them, ever so rarely came a discovery (or invention) which redefined the world as we understood it with their remarkable scope, explanatory power, functionality or clarity. As the process of scientific discovery and technological development progressed, such moments of redefinition became genuinely rare, and it necessitated that only an invention of unparalleled accessibility could have as profound an impact on human society as, for example, the invention of the telescope or the discovery of Cartesian coordinates. The invention of the internet was one such event in the history of science. During an address in September 1999, Jeffrey Cole, (the then) Director of the Center for Communication Policy at UCLA, remarked that in 1996 â€Å"[he] discovered that television viewing among kids under the age of 14 was down for the first time in the history of television. For the first time in the 51 years of television, since 1948, kids had found something they liked as much or more than television – computers and the Internet. † (Cole, 1996, p. 1) That the interest in television had waned in itself was a startling fact. But, there are greater ramifications of this observation; the television was a source of information and entertainment, not a primary medium of communicating or doing business. It operated along regional, national and international networks, with varying accessibility. The internet, on the other hand, is expressly a global gateway (albeit with some restrictions, which we shall encounter below), characterized by the free flow of information with hitherto unknown swiftness. The ‘World Wide Web’, as the internet is sometimes called, has been an irreplaceable tool of the process of globalization, while the globalizing world has increasingly depended on the internet for faster communication, spread of information and economic transactions. The upshot here is that this mutually reinforcing dynamic has had a deep and lasting effect on human society; while we have witnessed an economic and communications transformation, the emergence of a global, homogeneous culture along with a global polity and risk culture cannot be denied (Aronson, 2004). Also, partly due to the internet revolution, time and space seem to be collapsing (Harvey, 1990; Agnew, 2001). We shall continue, now, to survey these various effects that the internet has had in â€Å"reshaping† the world. II. The Internet, Culture and Our Daily Lives To assess the impact the internet has had on culture in general, and the habits and practices of our daily live in particular, we must start by making am important qualification: the rise of the internet has meant that a â€Å"digital divide† is created between those who are comfortable with using the new technology and those who are not (Aronson, p. 635). The sharing of information and ideas through virtual communities also gives rise to â€Å"smart mobs† (Rheingold, 2003), meaning that individuals now interact with institutions in novel ways. The growth of technology subjects culture to pulls in several directions. A positive aspect of the internet is that it provides an inexpensive medium of communication, allowing individuals the possibility of maintaining their familial, cultural, religious or ethnic ties across geographical spaces. Equally, however, the exposure the internet grants also develops shared affections for things such as movies, music, cuisine, etc. So, identities become increasingly cross-cutting rather than remaining segmented; global citizens today share multiple identities (Aronson, p. 635). This leads to urban cultures resembling one another, with differences between people diminishing. In our daily lives, the advent of the internet has had many penetrating effects. For instance, communication through â€Å"social utility† websites such as Facebook, a concept inconceivable in the past, has now become an everyday activity, supplanting postal mail and (even) e-mail. Things such as buying groceries and movie tickets to paying bills and looking for a new place to stay can all be done instantly through a computer with internet access. Without expending a great deal of physical effort, many routine tasks can be performed from the comfort of one’s home. The perceived benefits, or lack thereof, of these changes vary from person to person, though there is no denying the convenience of completing everyday jobs online. The impacts of internet use are even more pronounced in areas where communication was previously a challenge; a recent study shows the positive changes in the Shippagan Area in Canada by easing daily operations and improving access to required information (Selouani and Hamam, 2007). However, the use of internet technology depends a lot on context; a study based on micro-level sampling in the Pittsburgh, PA, led scholars to suggest that â€Å"[using] the Internet generally predicted better outcomes for extraverts and those with more social support – but worse outcomes for introverts and those with less support. The studies suggest that many people, especially those with good social resources, have integrated the Internet into their ordinary lives to their advantage. † (Kiesler et al. , 2002. ) This takes us back to the qualification of the digital divide we made at the beginning of this section. A cultural connotation of the same could engender a concept of the ‘haves’ and the ‘have-nots’, fueling the process of otherization between cultural perspectives. However, with the intermingling of cultures – meaning cross-cutting identities – as discussed above, such a turn of events looks unlikely in reality. III. The Internet and the Economy The biggest upshot of the internet is that it tends to promote economic growth, by way of increased trade, information on investment opportunities, expanding the range of options for consumers and providing an easy reach to products across the globe. Companies, as well as countries, that make use of the technological advantages of the internet may enjoy an â€Å"information edge as they compete and grow† (Aronson, p. 633). Locally, this means that any business can have instant global marketability, by setting up a website informing prospective customers of their products and employing an online transaction system. Globally, due in part to the proliferation of the above local phenomenon, and due also to the growing public awareness of the convenience of e-businesses, there is an increasing reliance on doing business through the internet. Over time, this inexpensive structure leads retailers and distributors to also take their businesses online. As this process intensified over the last (roughly) two decades, some sweeping expectations were fielded by analysts about the effects of the internet on specific industries in the economy. In a report published by Statistics Canada in November 2006, four key identified areas of change were analyzed: the paperless office, the end of postal mail, the demise of professional travel and the end of traditional retail. Upon surveying the facts, it was found that paper production and consumption in the world increased from 1983 to 2003, as did the volume of postal deliveries. So is the case with professional travelers and retailers in that time frame (Sciadas, 2006). This derives two important conclusions: firstly, the advent of the internet has had a great impact on the world, no doubt, but it is yet to supplant traditional means of conducting business totally; secondly, and more importantly, the changes in the economy effected by the internet shows the increase in the volume of transactions, business establishments and opportunities the world has experienced. Consumer adaptability to this new situation has also thrown up novel ideas. Online money transfer systems, such as PayPal, offer effective alternatives to traditional banking, especially for transactions online. The possibility of being cheated by fraudulent companies and retailers has spawned various kinds of consumer safety initiatives, like the Internet Crime Complaint Center and the Internet Fraud Watch. A study in 2001 showed that, among other things, internet users frequented retail stores more than non-users; they had access to a far greater range of products and services, and were more quality conscious (About. com, 2001). Importantly, the use of the internet does not guarantee an equitable distribution of growth within or among countries. In fact, global uneven development in a globalizing world is a recurrent theme in scholastic research; the gap between the rich and poorer countries has only widened after the internet revolution (Agnew, 2001), reflecting another facet of the â€Å"digital divide,† this time among countries. E-commerce may even go so far as to undermine national economic policies, while facilitating crime and corruption. Global networks, Aronson contends, are the glue which holds together transnational criminal activities, ranging from drug smuggling and weapons trafficking to the smuggling of nuclear weapons-grade material and human body parts, as well as human trafficking and money laundering (p. 635). IV. The Internet and Access to Information The internet revolution supplied a corresponding information revolution, which has meant that, on the whole, retrieving data and information on any subject is almost instantaneous. This virtual store of information, which is open to anyone interested enough to find things out, has been another great boon on the internet. Aside from the economic benefits of greater access to information, there are several socio-political benefits of such access. The distribution of public documents online has made it easier for people to use these resources and be more informed of public policies, legislations and the conduct of government. Due to this easy availability of information, the possibility of the emergence of a more aware civil society is greater than before. Individuals and groups, cutting across the political spectrum, can agitate administrations and influence decision-making precisely because they are armed with an increased access to vital information. However, some studies do suggest that this kind of political transformation still has a long way to go; though political mobilization has not grown as expected, while political balkanization has indeed risen (Cornfield and Rainie, 2006). In addition, the internet has had a huge impact on education and learning. The wealth of information online, along with the digitization of library resources, offers students the latest and most relevant information on any subject of study. Moreover, the utility of the internet in learning is valid vertically through K-12 education to graduate studies. The internet offers access to new methodologies in teaching and verbal communication in class, while for students there is a plethora of resources related to help them through their coursework, and aid preparations and strategies for tests. Students tend to use the internet to supplement their studies, using it for research, completing and submitting assignments and to find additional study materials (Machotka, Nedic and Nedic, 2002, p. 1). Of course, this increased access to information does not come without its disadvantages. Access does not equal internalization, and thus, having greater access does not mean a corresponding increase in knowledge. Gaining knowledge is a completely singular process, where the wealth of information can never be helpful without the ability to process and analyze the same. Further, the ready availability of much information, rare and treasured in earlier times, runs the danger of evaporating their value and depreciating their utility. For example, the excitement in encountering a classical text, of which libraries would carry few copies previously, is entirely lost when the same is available across the internet as a digital document. Though this enhances the possibility of a greater readership, it dramatically reduces the aura surrounding a great work. Apart from the more aesthetic perspective elaborated in the preceding paragraph the access to information also facilitates the dangers of which Aronson informs us above. Transnational crime feeds off the increasing web of information that is available, and uses the same to circumvent law enforcement agencies and employ new strategies of deception. V. The Internet and Social Interaction As briefly mentioned earlier, social communication websites (for example, Facebook, Orkut, Bebo, NetLog and many others) have redefined the way in which we keep in touch with our friends and family. These websites allow users to update personal information, upload pictures and moderate how much information they wish to make available about themselves online. These are not only popular among high-school and college-going students, but also among working professionals, providing an informal environment of communication. In fact, websites such as LinkedIn are now using similar architecture to create virtual networking portals where professionals can establish industry contacts. Craig’sList, on the other hand, is an effective tool which lists local classifieds. The global scale of such ventures is clearly evident in the increasing popularity of websites such as CouchSurfing, which allows registered users to offer or obtain free (or cheap) accommodation while traveling abroad. Another means of social interaction spawned by the internet has been the phenomenon of web-logging or â€Å"blogging† as it is more popularly known. There are literally millions of blogs on the internet, with many of them being sources of deep and insightful observation, commentary and analysis. Message boards are yet another means of communication, where individuals can anonymously socialize on the internet. With this expanding notion of social interaction, many believe that it is possible to involve and use technology strategically to bring about positive social changes. This argument is largely in view of the global civil society movement, in which the internet could be used as an effective tool for collaboration, mobilization, publishing reports and findings, and observation (Surman and Reilly, 2003). For researchers, the internet holds the key for the development of the social technology movement, and the differing views about the internet – the internet as an open network vis-a-vis the internet as a closed, commercial network – have stunted its growth. The variegated means of social interaction have also drawn detractors. Ru Guangrong, at the Chinese Information Center and Defense Science Technology, has a lengthy list of problems with the internet movement as a whole. (Though these issues pertain to all sections of discussion in this paper, we choose to highlight them here because they lead to the larger question of censorship on the internet. ) Guangrong claims that the internet: propagates Western beliefs and values; â€Å"degrades and repudiates† opposing viewpoints; can be used against national sovereignty; advocates Western lifestyles; assists â€Å"dominant cultures†; corrupts people’s minds and morals; is a waste of time and resources (1998, p. 5). As a remedy, Guangrong suggests, among others, a system of restrictive access and the moderation of available information. While this take on the World Wide Web may strike one as extreme, it does inform the reader on the climate of internet-related restrictions that prevail in the People’s Republic of China. It also poses the question of whether those in power should reserve the right of censoring information on the internet, however harmful or inappropriate they might consider the same. Indeed, there are compelling views on either side. On one hand, censorship on the internet encroaches upon the freedom of expression, a right which is universal in free societies. It makes no sense, for those sharing this view, for the internet to be censored, not least because it has no territorial underpinnings and is not governed across geographical spaces according to the laws of different countries. On the other hand, supporters of censorship argue that if there can be laws protecting consumers against internet fraud, the there could also be laws that restrict the flow of information online. The latter appears to be a paternal argument, claiming to secure internet users from unknown dangers; though it is difficult to support it, the jury is still out on the question of internet censorship. VI. Conclusion There are fears that because of the growing influence of the internet, an overwhelming commoditization of values, where one’s existence is measured in terms of possessions and acquisitions, shall tend to supplant societal values that have developed over centuries. A generalization of this, along with a rapid spread of the â€Å"demonstration effect† could mean the evaporation of cultures and cultural identities, which would only be preserved in nomenclature. However, such a view is unduly (and overly) pessimistic; it does not take the good of globalization, be it the advancement of scientific enquiry and discovery, empowerment of civil society, or greater accountability and transparency in governance. The internet, regardless of its detractors and many negative effects – as discussed above – remains a tool which carries the potential of bringing people together by making them more tolerant of different cultures and worldviews. Future generations will come to depend on the services of this great invention more heavily; indeed, there shall come a time when life without the internet would seem inconceivable. The use of internet technology has made life increasingly simpler; it is this aspect of the internet that one must focus on to contemplate the paths to the future, rather than magnifying its ill effects. References About. com. (March 12, 2001. ) Americas New Consumers: How Internet Use is Redefining the Marketplace. Retail Industry, About. com. Retrieved 28 May, 2008, from http://retailindustry. about. com/library/bl/bl_rsw0312. htm Agnew, J. (April 2001. ) The New Global Economy: Time-Space Compression, Geopolitics, and Global Uneven Development. Center for Globalization and Policy Research, School of Public Policy and Social Research, University of California at Los Angeles. Retrieved 28 May, 2008, from http://www. sppsr. ucla. edu/cgpr/docs/workingpaper3. doc Aronson, J. D. (2004. ) â€Å"Causes and Consequences of the Communications and Internet Revolution. † In Baylis, J. and Smith, S. (Eds. ). The Globalization of World Politics (3rd ed. ). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 621-644. Cole, J. (September 21st, 1999. ) Speech: How the Internet Is Changing Our Social, Political and Economic Lives. The Milken Institute Forum, 1-12. Cornfield, M. and Rainie, L. (November 5, 2006. ) â€Å"The Impact of the Internet on Politics. † Pew Internet American Life Project. Washington DC: The Pew Research Center. Guangron, R. (1998. ) â€Å"The Negative Impact of the Internet and Its Solutions. † The Chinese Defense Science and Technology Information Monthly, 121, 1-9. Harvey, D. (1990. ) â€Å"Pt. III: The Experience of Space and Time. † In The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 201-325. Kiesler, S. , Kraut, R. , Cummings, J. , Boneva, B. , Helgeson, V. , Cra

Student Conduct and Violence in Schools :: Education

Generally, the conduct of students in public school is a deterrent to getting a good education. Violent behavior, drugs in school, and misbehaving students are distracting and break the learning environment for others. Violence in school creates an unsafe environment, and shifts the administrator's focus away from the curriculum towards solving the dilemma of violence.   When the environment that surrounds the students is not secure they become more preoccupied with their own safety than they do about learning (Rehr).   This disturbing behavior also takes both the student's and teacher's time away from the education process.   As Albert Shanker has written, "Nobody ever learns in a classroom that has one or two kids who take ninety percent of the time through violence or threats of violence.   It deprives children of an opportunity to learn" (464).   To cut down on violence, schools have guards at the entrance, gates, or metal detectors in buildings.   The effect of this though is that students sometimes have to miss first period because of the length of time it takes to check everyone's bag.   In addition, it can cause feelings of intimidation or anxiety due to the fact that "when yo u put metal detectors in buildings, that's a statement that schools are violence-ridden, out of control, and unsafe" (Glazer 790).   This worries educators because they start to "question whether a prison-like atmosphere, even when it is effective in reducing crime, can in the long run be compatible with good education" (David 12). In correlation with crime in schools are illegal drugs.   Drugs seems to be the majority cause of violent behavior in school.   "Teachers tell of some students being sent home because they were drunk; others have been involved in fights with other students, teachers, and administrators while under the influence of alcohol" (David 8).   When these students come to class under the influence of drugs or alcohol they are not able to learn or function responsibly in school.   This not only hurts them but also others who become more vulnerable when they see this behavior and do not see the person getting any kind of discipline.   As one student said, "If you get caught they will slap you on the wrist, say 'Don't do it again', or maybe send you to a different school.   Big deal" (Lipsky 104).   This kind of thinking makes drug use legitimate to other students. A third behavior students engage in that causes disruption and time taken away in classes is simply misbehavior.

Grand Metropolitan PLC Essay

Company Background and Issues Grand Metropolitan PLC was a multinational holdings company that faced a hostile takeover threat in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. The company specialized in wine and spirits. The headquarters for operation was in London, England at the time of this case. The major dilemma at hand is avoiding a takeover. The economy was bad at the time, and the company’s stock price was thought to be undervalued, as their low P/E ratio of 13.3 indicated. Management needs to find out why their stock price is so undervalued. A new strategy of Grand Metropolitan’s was to capitalizing brand value on the balance sheet. Another strategy of management was to divest in low growth areas and invest heavier in projects that meet a certain growth criteria. The CEO stated, â€Å"In addition to brewing, we have continued to exit those businesses whose failure potential earnings do not meet our growth criteria†¦ All those decisions were driven by a thorough analysis of income growth prospects†. Senior management is committed to reducing debt. In 1991 alone the debt to capital ratio fell by 9%. Management has shown to be committed to these goals into the future. One of the issues management will have to face is how to tell which business units are outperforming others. Despite the great performance of Grand Metropolitan as a company during the 1980’s, the stock was undervalued in the early 1990’s. This is the immediate issue management must address to avoid a takeover. Financial Analysis Cost of Capital: Our estimate of the pound-based weighted average cost of capital for Grand Metropolitan was 16.433862%. We used the weights from exhibit 6. The tax rate was given as 35%. We used the weighted average costs of debt and preferred stock from exhibit 7. We then discounted the flow of future dividends to find the cost of common equity. We also used the three strategic business units to find the approximate weighted average cost of capital for each unit. We found that WACC for Restaurant-Retailing came to 12.8876%. The WACC for Food Processing came to 12.12%. And the WACC for Drinks came to 11.5513%. We used exhibit 8 to find the average cost of equity and debt for the comparable companies in each business segment and forecasted it on to Grand Metropolitan. We noticed a high cost of equity for Grand Metropolitan. This comes at a time when the company is trying to reduce its debt. The cost of equity was found to be 16% in the U.S. and about 18% in Great Britain. Cost of Debt: To find our cost of debt we took the market value of debt to capital ratios for each segment, found on exhibit 8, for our weights. Our assumptions to find the cost of debt, since it was not explicitly given, were as follows; we used the bond ratings given under each segment, we then used the yields by rating category chart on exhibit 9 to find the appropriate rates and found an average of the ratings assigned for each segment. Now having found our weights and rates we are able to with the tax rate found within each segment find our cost of debt. Currency rate risk: Due to the diversity of markets that Grand Metropolitan operates within, the company is inherently exposed to currency conversation rate risk. The majority of the subsidiaries of Grand Metropolitan operate within the United Kingdom and the United States markets, which utilize the Great Britain Pound and the U.S. Dollar respectively. With Grand Metropolitan’s headquarters in London, England, they have a large number, 77%, of their Debt currency in U.S. dollars. We think this is due to their ability to access a much lower debt rate within the U.S. market, so they can finance their projects with the cheapest debt available. Market Analysis: Grand Metropolitan’s P/E ratio is noticeably lower when compared to the other companies within its segmented segments. We found that these low P/E ratios combined with increased profits made Grand Metropolitan a potential target for corporate raiders, i.e. takeover risk. RONA: During our analysis of individual segments, exhibit 2, we found that the RONAs for the Retailing and Food were lagging behind that of the Drinks segment. Furthermore, the Drinks segment only has 26% of total net assets, yet it provides 46% of operating profits. Comparing this to the Retailing segment, which utilizes 40% of net assets while only contributing 24% of the total profits, shows a great disparity. The Food segment represents 34% of net assets and 30% of the total profits. EVA: When calculating EVA, our early indications that Retailing was a drain on the company’s profits and growth were further confirmed. Retail had a negative EVA of -137.70. Drinks were clearly the main most efficient segment with an EVA of 135.83, and Food had a -44.04 EVA. We calculated these EVA’s using our segment WACC’s and using Net Assets as a measure of Capital. Tax Rates for each segment were given in exhibit 8, which were applied to operating profit for a NOPAT of each segment. These results show how mismanaged and inefficient the Retailing segment, and to a smaller degree the food segment are. Environmental Analysis: Strengths: The strength of Grand Metropolitan is its drink segment. The operating profit in the United States has been grown from $185 to $517. The UK and Ireland are using only 30% of net assets, but contribute 36% of the operating profit. Weaknesses: Retailing appears to be a weakness for Grand Metropolitan. The return on net assets and operating profit has been consistently lower than the other segments. The company’s capital structure is set up with a heavier than average amount of debt. Grand Metropolitan carries 43% debt to capital, while the average for comparable companies is between 28-34% depending on the segment. Opportunities: Grand Metropolitan has an opportunity to increase profits by investing in current successful brands. The brands that fall under drinks have proven to give the highest return on net assets. Recommendation: From our results we can conclude that the Retailing and Food segments are not adding value to the firm and are bringing down the value being added by the Drinks segment. While Food’s EVA of -44.04 isn’t nearly as bad as Retail’s -137.70, both are bringing down the company’s growth opportunities. These segments are either ripe for a selloff or restructuring. The food segment especially seems like it needs just a management change since it’s close to being positive EVA but return on net assets has dipped in the last few years, leading to the low EVA.

Business Ethics Essay - 3440 Words

The Moral Compass essay Ethics relates to given principles that govern behavior and conduct of a human being. Business ethics on the other hand is the code of a conduct that a company or an organization abides to in the day to day operations with the public (Conjecture Corporation, 2011). Making profits and high volume sales should not be the only goal of a business, a good reputation to the public is also very important for the survival of a company. This has led to companies formulating their code of ethics for employees to adapt. Consequences are also stipulated for those who defy these ethical codes and company guidelines. The world of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has also started articulating the same concerning unethical†¦show more content†¦Quality products and high level customer service are mandatory for survival and competitive position of a business. Consumers abandon products from companies that act like they do not care about the quality of what they are producing. Increasing compe tition is sweeping away such firms with those kinds of irresponsible behaviors. Consumers also need to trust the firms they buy from. Online business is on the spotlight when it comes to trust. Many customers have been cheated while buying online. For instance a customer buys a given commodity, pays for it and the seller disappears. Business leaders intending to carry out e-commerce have a challenge in internet based business transactions. Consumers want to be confident that what they are buying will be delivered and they will not suffer from any misguidance or failure of delivery may it be now or in the future. Reliability is the key to online business. As a business leader I have to be able to retain hardworking and high performing workers for the business to maintain high profits as well as intelligent skills and knowledgeable workers. I have to ensure that employees understand clearly the vision and the mission of the company. The mission of the organization has to be followed and the day to day operations of the company must reflect adherence to both the vision and mission of the company. I should also discourage interference with the companyShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their bu siness to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1304 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. ThisRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger human context. Thirdly, being unethical ca n tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris MacDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding Business Ethics Unit 37: National Diploma Assignment brief TASK 1: Scenario: Business ethics - a study of a selected company With growing interest among consumers regarding the business ethics of the businesses brands that consumers buy, Westminster council wants to conduct an independent review of some of the organisations that sell their goods and services in the borough. You have been asked to select one of the following brands and conduct research into their business ethics. Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individualsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated that